EGCG induces degradation of active folate in serum via H2O2 generation, while L-ascorbic acid effectively reverses this effect.

Empirical studies have indicated that excessive tea consumption may potentially decrease folate levels within the human body. The main active component in green tea, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), significantly reduces the concentration of 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF) in both solution and serum. However, our findings also demonstrate that the pro-degradation effect of EGCG on 5-MTHF can be reversed by L-ascorbic acid (AA). Subsequent investigations suggest that EGCG could potentially expedite the degradation of 5-MTHF by generating hydrogen peroxide. In summary, excessive tea intake may lead to reduced folate levels in the bloodstream, yet timely supplementation of AA could potentially safeguard folate from degradation.

Analysis and regulation of driving behavior in the entrance zone of freeway tunnels: Implementation of visual guidance systems in China.

In China, visual guidance systems are commonly used in tunnels to optimize the visual reference system. However, studies focusing specifically on visual guidance systems in the tunnel entrance zone are limited. Hence, a driving simulation test is performed in this study to quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of (i) visual guidance devices at different vertical positions (pavement and roadside) and (ii) a multilayer visual guidance system for regulating driving behavior in the tunnel entrance zone. Furthermore, the characteristics of driving behavior and their effects on traffic safety in the tunnel entrance zone are examined. Data such as the vehicle position, area of interest (AOI), throttle position, steering wheel angle, and lane center offset are obtained using a driving simulation platform and an eye-tracking device. As indicators, the first fixation position (FP), starting deceleration position (DP), average throttle position (TPav), number of deceleration stages (N|DS), gradual change degree of the vehicle trajectory (G|VT), and average steering wheel angle (SWAav) are derived. The regulatory effect of visual guidance devices on driving performance is investigated. First, high-position roadside visual guidance devices effectively reduce decision urgency and significantly enhance deceleration and lane-keeping performance. Specifically, the advanced deceleration performance (AD), smooth deceleration performance (SD), trajectory gradualness (TG), and trajectory stability (TS) in the tunnel entrance zone improve by 63%, 225%, 269%, and 244%, respectively. Additionally, the roadside low-position visual guidance devices primarily target the trajectory gradualness (TG), thus resulting in improvements by 80% and 448% in the TG and TS, respectively. Meanwhile, the pavement visual guidance devices focus solely on enhancing the TS and demonstrates a relatively lower improvement rate of 99%. Finally, the synergistic effect of these visual guidance devices facilitates the multilayer visual guidance system in enhancing the deceleration and lane-keeping performance. This aids drivers in early detection and deceleration at the tunnel entrance zone, reduces the urgency of deceleration decisions, promotes smoother deceleration, and improves the gradualness and stability of trajectories.

Effect of Cymbopogon martini (Roxb.) Will.Watson essential oil on antioxidant activity, immune and intestinal barrier-related function, and gut microbiota in pigeons infected by Candida albicans.

Essential oils are potential alternatives to antibiotics for preventing Candida albicans (C. albicans) infection which is responsible for economic losses in the pigeon industry. Cymbopogon martini essential oil (EO) can inhibit pathogens, particularly fungal pathogens but its potential beneficial effects on C. albicans-infected pigeons remain unclear. Therefore, we investigated the impact of C. martini EO on antioxidant activity, immune response, intestinal barrier function, and intestinal microbiota in C. albicans-infected pigeons. The pigeons were divided into four groups as follows: (1) NC group: C. albicans uninfected/C. martini EO untreated group; (2) PC group: C. albicans infected/C. martini EO untreated group; (3) LPA group: C. albicans infected/1% C. martini EO treated group; and (4) HPA group: C. albicans infected/2% C. martini EO treated group. The pigeons were infected with C. albicans from day of age 35 to 41 and treated with C. martini EO from day of age 42 to 44, with samples collected on day of age 45 for analysis. The results demonstrated that C. martini EO prevented the reduction in the antioxidant enzymes SOD and GSH-Px causes by C. albicans challenge in pigeons. Furthermore, C. martini EO could decrease the relative expression of IL-1ß, TGF-ß, and IL-8 in the ileum, as well as IL-1ß and IL-8 in the crop, while increasing the relative expression of Claudin-1 in the ileum and the crop and Occludin in the ileum in infected pigeons. Although the gut microbiota composition was not significantly affected by C. martini EO, 2% C. martini EO increased the abundance of Alistipes and Pedobacter. In conclusion, the application of 2% C. martini EO not only enhanced the level of antioxidant activity and the expression of genes related to intestinal barrier function but also inhibited inflammatory genes in C. albicans-infected pigeons and increased the abundance of gut bacteria that are resistant to C. albicans.

Judgments of Learning Reactively Improve Memory by Enhancing Learning Engagement and Inducing Elaborative Processing: Evidence from an EEG Study.

Making judgments of learning (JOLs) can reactively alter memory itself, a phenomenon termed the reactivity effect. The current study recorded electroencephalography (EEG) signals during the encoding phase of a word list learning task to explore the neurocognitive features associated with JOL reactivity. The behavioral results show that making JOLs reactively enhances recognition performance. The EEG results reveal that, compared with not making JOLs, making JOLs increases P200 and LPC amplitudes and decreases alpha and beta power. Additionally, the signals of event-related potentials (ERPs) and event-related desynchronizations (ERDs) partially mediate the reactivity effect. These findings support the enhanced learning engagement theory and the elaborative processing explanation to account for the JOL reactivity effect.

Photoelectric Properties of GaS1-xSex (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) Layered Crystals.

In this study, the photoelectric properties of a complete series of GaS1-xSex (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) layered crystals are investigated. The photoconductivity spectra indicate a decreasing bandgap of GaS1-xSex as the Se composition x increases. Time-resolved photocurrent measurements reveal a significant improvement in the response of GaS1-xSex to light with increasing x. Frequency-dependent photocurrent measurements demonstrate that both pure GaS crystals and GaS1-xSex ternary alloy crystals exhibit a rapid decrease in photocurrents with increasing illumination frequency. Crystals with lower x exhibit a faster decrease in photocurrent. However, pure GaSe crystal maintains its photocurrent significantly even at high frequencies. Measurements for laser-power-dependent photoresponsivity and bias-voltage-dependent photoresponsivity also indicate an increase in the photoresponsivity of GaS1-xSex as x increases. Overall, the photoresponsive performance of GaS1-xSex is enhanced with increasing x, and pure GaSe exhibits the best performance. This result contradicts the findings of previous reports. Additionally, the inverse trends between bandgap and photoresponsivity with increasing x suggest that GaS1-xSex-based photodetectors could potentially offer a high response and wavelength-selectivity for UV and visible light detection. Thus, this work provides novel insights into the photoelectric characteristics of GaS1-xSex layered crystals and highlights their potential for optoelectronic applications.

Co-immunization with DNA vaccines encoding yidR and IL-17 augments host immune response against Klebsiella pneumoniae infection in mouse model.

Klebsiella pneumoniae is an important gram-negative bacterium that causes severe respiratory and healthcare-associated infections. Although antibiotic therapy is applied to treat severe infections caused by K. pneumoniae, drug-resistant isolates pose a huge challenge to clinical practices owing to adverse reactions and the mismanagement of antibiotics. Several studies have attempted to develop vaccines against K. pneumoniae, but there are no licensed vaccines available for the control of K. pneumoniae infection. In the current study, we constructed a novel DNA vaccine, pVAX1-YidR, which encodes a highly conserved virulence factor YidR and a recombinant expression plasmid pVAX1-IL-17 encoding Interleukin-17 (IL-17) as a molecular adjuvant. Adaptive immune responses were assessed in immunized mice to compare the immunogenicity of the different vaccine schemes. The results showed that the targeted antigen gene was expressed in HEK293T cells using an immunofluorescence assay. Mice immunized with pVAX1-YidR elicited a high level of antibodies, induced strong cellular immune responses, and protected mice from K. pneumoniae challenge. Notably, co-immunization with pVAX1-YidR and pVAX1-IL-17 significantly augmented host adaptive immune responses and provided better protection against K. pneumoniae infections in vaccinated mice. Our study demonstrates that combined DNA vaccines and molecular adjuvants is a promising strategy to develop efficacious antibacterial vaccines against K. pneumoniae infections.

tsRNA: A Promising Biomarker in Breast Cancer.

tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are a novel class of non-coding small RNAs, generated from specific cleavage sites of tRNA or pre-tRNA. tsRNAs can directly participate in RNA silencing, transcription, translation, and other processes. Their dysregulation is closely related to the occurrence and development of various cancers. Breast cancer is one of the most common and fastest-growing malignant tumors in humans. tsRNAs have been found to be dysregulated in breast cancer, serving as a new target for exploring the pathogenesis of breast cancer. They are also considered new tumor markers, providing a basis for diagnosis and treatment. This article reviews the generation, classification, mechanism of action, function of tsRNAs, and their biological effects and related mechanisms in breast cancer, in the hope of providing a new direction for the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer.

Photobiomodulation therapy moderates cancer cachexia-associated muscle wasting through activating PI3K/AKT/FoxO3a pathway.

Cancer cachexia-associated muscle wasting as a multifactorial wasting syndrome, is an important factor affecting the long-term survival rate of tumor patients. Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) has emerged as a promising tool to cure and prevent many diseases. However, the effect of PBMT on skeletal muscle atrophy during cancer progression has not been fully demonstrated yet. Here, we found PBMT alleviated the atrophy of myotube diameter induced by cancer cells in vitro, and prevented cancer-associated muscle atrophy in mice bearing tumor. Mechanistically, the alleviation of muscle wasting by PBMT was found to be involved in inhibiting E3 ubiquitin ligases MAFbx and MuRF-1. In addition, transcriptomic analysis using RNA-seq and GSEA revealed that PI3K/AKT pathway might be involved in PBMT-prevented muscle cachexia. Next, we showed the protective effect of PBMT against muscle cachexia was totally blocked by AKT inhibitor in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, PBMT-activated AKT promoted FoxO3a phosphorylation and thus inhibiting the nucleus entry of FoxO3a. Lastly, in cisplatin-treated muscle cachexia model, PBMT had also been shown to ameliorate muscle atrophy through enhancing PI3K/AKT pathway to suppress MAFbx and MuRF-1 expression. These novel findings revealed that PBMT could be a promising therapeutic approach in treating muscle cachexia induced by cancer.

Relationship between 24-h activity behavior and body fat percentage in preschool children: based on compositional data and isotemporal substitution analysis.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to elucidate the dose‒response relationship between 24-h activity behaviors and body fat percentage (BFP) in Chinese preschool children using a compositional isotemporal substitution model (ISM). METHODS: In a cross-sectional design, 881 children aged 3-6 from urban and rural areas of Jiangxi Province were sampled. Activity behaviors, including sedentary behavior (SB), low-intensity physical activity (LPA), and moderate- to high-intensity physical activity (MVPA), were measured using accelerometers. Sleep patterns were assessed through questionnaires, and BFP was determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). The study employed compositional data analysis (CoDA) and ISM to estimate the impact of reallocating durations of different activity behaviors on BFP. RESULTS: Higher BFP was found in urban vs. rural children, decreasing with age. Overweight and obesity rates were 10.6% and 7.6%, respectively, above national averages. MVPA and LPA were negatively correlated with BFP, while SB was positively correlated. A 30-min MVPA reduction significantly increased zBFR, particularly in overweight children. Gender-specific nuances revealed that boys' MVPA negatively influenced zBFP (ß = -0.155), P < 0.05), while girls' SB positively impacted zBFP (ß = 0.636, P < 0.01). Isotemporal simulations emphasized amplified effects in overweight children, with boys' zBFR rising rapidly when MVPA was substituted and girls displaying a notable substitution effect between SB and LPA. CONCLUSION: BFP is closely linked to 24-h activity behaviors, notably in overweight and obese preschoolers. ISM identified MVPA as a critical influencer, with a 30-min reduction substantially increasing BFP. Gender disparities were evident, implicating MVPA in boys and LPA and SB in girls.

Identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Resistance to Common Antibiotics: An Overview of Current Methods and Techniques.

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is an essential cause of tuberculosis treatment failure and death of tuberculosis patients. The rapid and reliable profiling of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) drug resistance in the early stage is a critical research area for public health. Then, most traditional approaches for detecting MTB are time-consuming and costly, leading to the inappropriate therapeutic schedule resting on the ambiguous information of MTB drug resistance, increasing patient economic burden, morbidity, and mortality. Therefore, novel diagnosis methods are frequently required to meet the emerging challenges of MTB drug resistance distinguish. Considering the difficulty in treating MDR-TB, it is urgently required for the development of rapid and accurate methods in the identification of drug resistance profiles of MTB in clinical diagnosis. This review discussed recent advances in MTB drug resistance detection, focusing on developing emerging approaches and their applications in tangled clinical situations. In particular, a brief overview of antibiotic resistance to MTB was present, referred to as intrinsic bacterial resistance, consisting of cell wall barriers and efflux pumping action and acquired resistance caused by genetic mutations. Then, different drug susceptibility test (DST) methods were described, including phenotype DST, genotype DST and novel DST methods. The phenotype DST includes nitrate reductase assay, RocheTM solid ratio method, and liquid culture method and genotype DST includes fluorescent PCR, GeneXpert, PCR reverse dot hybridization, ddPCR, next-generation sequencing and gene chips. Then, novel DST methods were described, including metabolism testing, cell-free DNA probe, CRISPR assay, and spectral analysis technique. The limitations, challenges, and perspectives of different techniques for drug resistance are also discussed. These methods significantly improve the detection sensitivity and accuracy of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MRT) and can effectively curb the incidence of drug-resistant tuberculosis and accelerate the process of tuberculosis eradication.

Novel CDK19-Targeted Radiotracers: A Potential Design Strategy to Improve the Pharmacokinetics and Tumor Uptake.

Cyclin-dependent kinase 19 (CDK19) is overexpressed in prostate cancer, making it an attractive target for both imaging and therapy. Since little is known about the optimized approach for radioligands of nuclear proteins, linker optimization strategies were used to improve pharmacokinetics and tumor absorption, including the adjustment of the length, flexibility/rigidity, and hydrophilicity/lipophilicity of linkers. Molecular docking was conducted for virtual screening and followed by IC50 determination. Both BALB/c mice and P-16 xenografts were used for tissue distribution and PET/CT imaging. The ligand 68Ga-10c demonstrated high absorption in tumor 5 min after injection and sustains long-term imaging within 3 h. Furthermore, 68Ga-10c exhibited slow clearance within the tumor and was predominantly metabolized in both the liver and kidneys, showing the potential to alleviate metabolic pressure and enhance tissue safety. Therefore, the linker optimization strategy is well suited for CDK19 and provides a reference for the radioactive ligands of other nuclear targets.

Peak Performance: Characteristics and Key Factors in the Development of the World Top-8 Swimmers Based on Longitudinal Data.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the peak performance characteristics of the world top-8 swimmers and the key factors involved in the journey toward achieving better peak performance. METHODS: The results of the world top-8 swimmers from 2001 to 2022 were collected from the World Aquatics performance database. Progression to peak performance was tracked with individual quadratic trajectories (1191 cases). Utilizing k-means clustering to group competitive feature variables, this study investigated key developmental factors through a binary logistic regression model, using the odds ratio (OR) to represent whether a factor was favorable (OR > 1) or unfavorable (OR < 1). RESULTS: Significant differences (P < .001) in the peak age between men (23.54/3.80) and women (22.31/4.60) were noticed, while no significant differences (P > .05) in the peak-performance window for both sexes appeared. Peak performance occurred at later ages for the sprint for both sexes, and women had a longer duration in peak-performance window for sprint (P < .05). Peak-performance occurred at later ages for the breaststroke and butterfly for both sexes (P < .05). Binary logistic regression revealed that high first-participation performance (OR = 1.502), high major-competition performance (OR = 4.165), early first-major-competition age (OR = 1.441), participation frequency above 4 times/year in both phase 2 (4.3-8.0 times/y, OR = 3.940; 8.1-20.0 times/y, OR = 5.122) and phase 3 (4.1-7.5 times/y: OR = 5.548; 7.7-15.0 times/y: OR = 7.526), and a career length of 10 years or more (10-15 y, OR = 2.102; 16-31 y, OR = 3.480) were favorable factors for achieving better peak performance. CONCLUSIONS: Peak performance characteristics varied across sex, swimming stroke, and race distance in the world top-8 swimmers. Meanwhile, the research indicated that certain specific developmental factors were key conditions for the world top-8 swimmers to achieve better peak performance in the future.

Development and validation of a clinical prediction model for early ventilator weaning in post-cardiac surgery.

Background: Weaning patients from mechanical ventilation is a critical clinical challenge post cardiac surgery. The effective liberation of patients from the ventilator significantly improves their recovery and survival rates. This study aimed to develop and validate a clinical prediction model to evaluate the likelihood of successful extubation in post-cardiac surgery patients. Method: A predictive nomogram was constructed for extubation success in individual patients, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and calibration curves were generated to assess its predictive capability. The superior performance of the model was confirmed using Delong's test in the ROC analysis. A decision curve analysis (DCA) was conducted to evaluate the clinical utility of the nomogram. Results: Among 270 adults included in our study, 107 (28.84%) experienced delayed extubation. A predictive nomogram system was derived based on five identified risk factors, including the proportion of male patients, EuroSCORE II, operation time, pump time, bleeding during operation, and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) level. Based on the predictive system, five independent predictors were used to construct a full nomogram. The area under the curve values of the nomogram were 0.880 and 0.753 for the training and validation cohorts, respectively. The DCA and clinical impact curves showed good clinical utility of this model. Conclusion: Delayed extubation and weaning failure, common and potentially hazardous complications following cardiac surgery, vary in timing based on factors such as sex, EuroSCORE II, pump duration, bleeding, and postoperative BNP reduction. The nomogram developed and validated in this study can accurately predict when extubation should occur in these patients. This tool is vital for assessing risks on an individual basis and making well-informed clinical decisions.

Difference of carrier dynamics in a semiconductor saturable absorber mirror with and without B+ ion-implantation.

Three samples whose growth temperatures were 450°C, 500°C, and 560°C for S E S A M 1, S E S A M 2, and S E S A M 3, respectively, were tested by femto-second time-resolved transient absorption spectroscopy. The results indicate that the carrier dynamics of excited state absorption were dominant, and the lifetimes of carriers trapped by defect levels were about tens of pico-seconds. To further study the influence of carrier dynamics and recovery time of samples by ion-implantation, B + ions of 80 and 130 KeV were implanted into the samples with dose of 1014/c m 2. The modified samples showed a dominance of ultra-fast carrier dynamics of ground-state bleaching and direct recombination, which lasted for hundreds of femto-seconds, over excited state absorption. Additionally, carrier fast trapping was observed to be competitive with the excited state absorption process. After ion-implantation, the carrier dynamics of carrier trapping were enhanced, which contributed to forming an ultra-short laser, while the carrier dynamics of absorption of the excited state were suppressed. The conclusion that defect levels were partially eliminated by B + ion-implantation can be drawn.

Bacteriophage EPP-1, a potential antibiotic alternative for controlling edwardsiellosis caused by Edwardsiella piscicida while mitigating drug-resistant gene dissemination.

Edwardsiella piscicida causes significant economic losses to the aquaculture industry worldwide. Phage-based biocontrol methods are experiencing a renaissance because of the spread of drug-resistant genes and bacteria resulting from the heavy use of antibiotics. Here, we showed that the novel Edwardsiella phage EPP-1 could achieve comparable efficacy to florfenicol using a zebrafish model of Edwardsiella piscicida infection and could reduce the content of the floR resistance gene in zebrafish excreta. Specifically, phage EPP-1 inhibited bacterial growth in vitro and significantly improved the zebrafish survival rate in vivo (P = 0.0035), achieving an efficacy comparable to that of florfenicol (P = 0.2304). Notably, integrating the results of 16S rRNA sequencing, metagenomic sequencing, and qPCR, although the effects of phage EPP-1 converged with those of florfenicol in terms of the community composition and potential function of the zebrafish gut microbiota, it reduced the floR gene content in zebrafish excreta and aquaculture water. Overall, our study highlights the feasibility and safety of phage therapy for edwardsiellosis control, which has profound implications for the development of antibiotic alternatives to address the antibiotic crisis.

Effects of Combined Maternal Voice Stimulation and Gravity Feeding Intervention for Low-Birth-Weight Preterm Infants in Neonatal Care.

Background: This study aims to investigate the impact and safety of combining maternal voice stimulation with gravity feeding on low-birth-weight preterm infants. The research focuses on key outcomes such as gastric tube indwelling time, feeding transition time, adequate gastrointestinal nutrition time, recovery of birth weight time, length of hospital stay, and oral motor function in preterm infants. Methods: A total of 150 low birth weight preterm infants meeting inclusion criteria were recruited from the neonatal care unit and randomly assigned to three groups: traditional nasal feeding, gravity feeding with a homemade bracket, and a combined group receiving both gravity feeding and maternal voice stimulation. The groups were compared using parameters such as feeding intolerance incidence, gastric tube indwelling time, feeding transition time, adequate gastrointestinal nutrition time, recovery of birth weight time, hospital stay, and oral motor function. Results: The combined group exhibited a significantly lower incidence of feeding intolerance (26% lower than traditional nasal feeding, 18% lower than gravity feeding, P < .001). The traditional nasal feeding group had the highest incidence at 62%. The combined group showed a shorter indwelling time (19.01 ± 11.67 days), compared to the gravity feeding group (23.50 ± 13.04 days) and the traditional nasogastric feeding group (27.43 ± 11.91 days, P = .001). The combined group had a shorter hospital stay (27.09 ± 14.16 days) compared to the gravity feeding group (32.74 ± 13.32 days) and the traditional nasogastric feeding group (33.84 ± 12.42 days, P = .013). The combined group demonstrated a slightly longer recovery time (11.56 ± 4.08 days) than the gravity feeding group (11.14 ± 4.76 days) but significantly shorter than the traditional nasogastric feeding group (14.44 ± 5.42 days, P = .003). The combined group exhibited the highest improvement in oral motor function at 4 weeks after feeding (17.81 ± 0.39 points), surpassing both the gravity feeding group (16.10 ± 0.23 points) and the traditional nasogastric feeding group (15.15 ± 0.07 points, P < .001). The combined group demonstrated a significantly lower feeding transition time than the traditional nasal feeding group (P < .05) and comparable time to the gravity feeding group (P > .05). All the comparison results were statistically significant. Conclusion: Maternal voice stimulation combined with gravity feeding shows promising positive effects and high safety for low-birth-weight preterm infants. The combined approach outperformed both gravity feeding alone and traditional nasogastric feeding across various critical parameters. These findings support the potential clinical applicability and merit further consideration for wider implementation as a feeding method in neonatal care settings. Clinical Significance: The observed reductions in feeding intolerance, shortened gastric tube indwelling time, and enhanced oral motor function in low-birth-weight preterm infants receiving combined maternal voice stimulation and gravity feeding highlight a promising clinical approach. These improvements signify the potential for earlier oral feeding initiation, shorter hospital stays, and better overall outcomes in the care of these vulnerable infants. Limitations: This study is limited by its single-center design, potential selection bias, and the absence of blinding. Uncontrolled confounding factors may influence results, and long-term outcomes were not assessed. Implications for Practice: Healthcare professionals should cautiously consider the observed benefits of combining maternal voice stimulation with gravity feeding, recognizing the study's limitations. Further research is warranted to validate these findings and explore long-term implications for the care of low-birth-weight preterm infants.

Application of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio in predicting mortality risk in adult patients with septic shock: A retrospective cohort study conducted at a single center.

Background: Sepsis is a life-threatening condition characterized by an aberrant host response to infection, resulting in multi-organ dysfunction. The application of currently available prognostic indicators for sepsis in primary hospitals is challenging. In this retrospective study, we established a novel index, the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (NLMR), based on routine blood examination upon admission, and assessed its prognostic value for early mortality risk in adult patients with septic shock. Methods: This study included clinical data from adult patients with septic shock who were admitted to the hospital between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2022. Training and validation sets were constructed, and patients were categorized into "survival" and "death" groups based on their survival status within the 28-day hospitalization period. Baseline data, including demographic characteristics and comorbidities, and laboratory results, such as complete blood count parameters, were collected for analysis. The Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) scores were documented.The NLMR was determined through the utilization of multivariate binary logistic regression analysis, leading to the development of a risk model aimed at predicting early mortality in adult patients suffering from septic shock. Results: Overall, 112 adult patients with septic shock were enrolled in this study, with 84 and 28 patients in the training and validation sets, respectively. Multivariate binary logistic analysis revealed that the neutrophil, lymphocyte, and monocyte counts independently contributed to the mortality risk (odds ratios = 1.22, 0.08, and 0.16, respectively). The NLMR demonstrated an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC-AUC) of 0.83 for internal validation in the training set and 0.97 for external validation in the validation set. Both overall model quality values were significantly high at 0.74 and 0.91, respectively (P < 0.05). NLMR exhibited a higher ROC-AUC value of 0.88 than quick SOFA (ROC-AUC = 0.71), SOFA (ROC-AUC = 0.83), and APACHE II (ROC-AUC = 0.78). Conclusion: NLMR may be a potential marker for predicting the risk of early death in adult patients with septic shock, warranting further exploration and verification.